Engineering Physics Annotation << Back CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF GEOMECHANICAL AND EXPLOSIVE PROCESSES DURING THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE «YAMAL CRATER» V.A. BOBIN Taking into account the real experimental data presented in the works of leading Russian and foreign researchers in the field of catastrophic phenomena in the permafrost zone, a model of the layer-by-layer release of frozen rock, ice and methane from the socalled "Yamal crater" is proposed. All three stages (stages) of the development of this dangerous gasdynamic process are described, including a long-term preparatory stage and subsequent short-term explosive and gas-dynamic stages. At the same time, the reasons for the formation of an ejection cavity in the form of a cylinder resembling a shaft of a rocket complex are formulated and explained. In addition, an explanation is given for the growth of the future crater mound and the long-term cyclical nature of its growth, taking into account the processes of diffusion and fi ltration of methane occurring in the ejection cavity, as a result of which the permafrost swells and its permeability decreases. It is proposed to consider the release of frozen rock, ice and methane in the "Yamal crater" similar in its physical nature to a sudden release of coal and methane in mines. The calculated results obtained during the formation of the model correspond to real fi eld data, for example, the amount of ejected rock, the distance of its rejection, as well as the distribution of the amount of rock depending on the distance from the center of the ejection cavity of the “Yamal crater”. Keywords: catastrophic phenomenon, crater, diffusion, filtration, frozen rocks, ice, methane-hydrogen degassing, stages. DOI: 10.25791/infizik.5.2021.1209 Pp. 47-56.